What is one major consequence of chronic inflammation of the airways in asthma?

• A. Increased lung capacity
• B. Reduction in airway response to allergens
• C. Narrowing of the airways
• D. Increased blood oxygen levels

Answer: (C)

Chronic inflammation of the airways in asthma leads to a significant narrowing of the airways. This occurs as a result of ongoing inflammatory processes that cause the airway walls to swell, increase mucus production, and promote changes in the airway structure, such as collagen deposition and smooth muscle hypertrophy. The combination of these factors results in a reduced lumen diameter, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs, especially during an asthma attack.

This narrowing can lead to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which are characteristic of asthma. Additionally, the reduced airway size can increase airway resistance, making it harder for patients to effectively ventilate their lungs and respond to therapeutic interventions. Therefore, the consequence of chronic inflammation is critically linked to the worsening of asthma symptoms and overall respiratory function.